不破坏种子的活力测定方法研究：Ⅲ.菜心种子活力和渗出物的关系

浸汽后快速回干的菜心种子活力和细胞膜的完整性较差。经过５次浸泡／回干／贮藏循环自理种子活力和发芽率得以较好保持与提高，增加了耐和性和抗老化能力，且每次循环浸泡４ｈ和６ｈ效果较好。渗漏物测定表明每次浸泡／回干／贮藏循环处理浸泡液的电子率和芥子碱相对含量均与种子活力显著负相关。     

基于蚁群算法的六自由度采摘机器人轨迹规划研究

在现代农业生产中,果蔬采摘作业复杂而繁重,采摘机器人在作业过程中常常需要经历成千上万个果蔬采摘点,面对这样巨大的工作量,采摘机器人移动路径规划显得非常重要。为此,以采摘机器人运动轨迹为研究对象,以其运动轨迹总长最短为研究目标,针对机器人各关节机构运动速度变化情况及机器人运动特性,利用基本蚁群原理对六自由度采摘机器人的路径进行规划。实验结果表明:所设计的采摘机器人轨迹优化技术不但路径优化能力强、运动轨迹平滑,还具有可靠性强及稳定性好的优点。     

低蛋白质补充氨基酸饲粮对北京鸭生长性能、血清生化指标及粪氮含量的影响

本试验旨在研究低蛋白质补充氨基酸饲粮对北京鸭生长性能、血清生化指标及粪氮含量的影响。选取1日龄北京鸭450只,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复30只。饲粮分2个阶段配制,每个阶段配制3种饲粮。对照组1～14日龄和15～42日龄分别饲喂粗蛋白质水平为20%和18%的饲粮;试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组饲喂在对照组饲粮基础上分别降低1、2个百分点的低蛋白质补充氨基酸饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)1～14日龄、15～42日龄及1～42日龄平均日采食量、平均日增重及料重比各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)14日龄、42日龄血清总蛋白、尿素氮、尿酸含量以及谷丙转氨酶及谷草转氨酶活性各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组的1～14日龄及15～42日龄粪氮含量分别比对照组下降了4.60%、15.71%及10.77%、15.82%,差异均显著(P<0.05)。由此可见,在满足氨基酸需要的前提下,降低饲粮粗蛋白质1～2个百分点对北京鸭生长性能、血清生化指标无显著影响,并可显著降低粪氮含量。     

Shelter effect evaluation of the willow works bank protection method: a case study for Beinan River Reach 2009 Typhoon Morakot event

Beinan River is one of the rivers with perfect ecology and full of culture values in Taiwan. It is also the habitat of many freshwater fish species. Besides, the local agricultural crops are famous for exports due to its natural environment, too. Therefore, for these reasons, the hydraulic associations set a series of ecological constructions for waterfowl and fish species around the agricultural water intake areas. For instance, the river bank protection designs the willow works and the fascine mattress by the 8th River Management Bureau for ecological function and hydraulic protection in flood season. In this study, the concept and the methodology of the fish protection habitat predicted model is revealed. Beside the simulated hydraulic models, the indoor experiments of the willow works were conducted to gain the roughness. The hydraulic methods by one- and two-dimensional are used for simulation in flood season (2009 Typhoon Morakot event) to bring up the habitat protection locations. The experimental results showed that for the Manning’s n of the willow works is between 0.1322 and 0.1333 which corresponding height to the real field is about 144–176 cm. Therefore, it provided the revetment roughness data during the shelter effect evaluation. From the velocity distribution, it proves that the vegetated revetment can reduce the flow velocity. Fulfilling previous two main steps in experiment and model calibration, the shelter effect is made good going on discussion. Most of references indicated that the vegetated revetment provided suitable and excellent habitat condition, but rare of them provided the proof in data. This study presents that the WUA is 34,939.94 m² and PUA is 1.53% at the highest discharge of Typhoon Morakot. The whole protection concepts, simulation methods, and results can be utilized for future plan and design of river engineering.     

SSAP逆转座子分子标记在柿属植物遗传分析中的应用

对SSAP（特异序列扩增多态性;sequence-specific amplification polymorphism）在部分柿属植物种质鉴定和亲缘关系分析中的应用进行了研究,并对每个SSAP引物单独用于柿属植物遗传分析的性能作了探讨。基于5个逆转座子引物的25对SSAP引物组合在供试28份柿属（Diospyros L.）基因型中共扩增出1300个位点（多态位点93.38%）,每对引物平均产生52个位点（含48个多态位点）,表明SSAP是一种高多重比例系数（multiplex ratio）和高多态性的标记系统;经SSAP数据的UPGMA聚类和主坐标分析,原产中国、日本的柿种质（D.kakiThunb.）及柿的近缘种各自单独成组,该聚类结果与部分已知亲缘关系的试材十分吻合,表明SSAP技术可用于柿属植物亲缘关系研究。此外,在25对SSAP引物组合中筛选出3对具高信息含量的引物组合,将在柿属植物遗传关系研究中广泛应用。     

温室条件下巨龙竹和马来甜龙竹的早期生长表现

于温室内移植巨龙竹和马来甜龙竹实生苗进行培育,调查实生苗的保存率和发笋率,以及实生苗和新笋的高度、叶片数、健康状况和枝条的生长表现。结果表明,巨龙竹和马来甜龙竹的保存率分别为7.3%和38.5%,差异极显著;发笋率分别为66.7%和8.1%,差异也达显著水平。实生苗的高度、叶片数分别为11.3cm、3.1片和11.6cm、3.4片,差异不显著,但2竹种的健康状况之间(2.9级和4.7级)差异显著。新笋的高度、叶片数和健康状况分别为10.1~16.1cm、3.9~4.4片和4.8级,枝条的长度、叶片数和健康状况分别7.3~8.8cm、2.6~2.7片和4.7~4.8级,所有调查指标2竹种间均不存在显著差异。     

SCR脱硝催化剂循环再利用的研究进展

指出了催化剂是选择性催化原(SCR)脱硝系统的核心,催化剂的寿命直接关系着SCR脱硝系统的运行成本,分析了SCR反应过程催化剂失活的各项因素,并针对特定的失活原因,详细阐述了失活SCR催化剂再生技术的原理和特点,就现行应用于废弃含钒催化剂提取钒的工艺进行了探讨.     

14C-水杨酸在葡萄植株中的运输和分配

将14C标记的水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)通过涂抹叶片背面引入葡萄幼苗.试验结果表明,水杨酸不易向外运输,具有以韧皮部运输为主、向下运输为主的特点.     

饲喂仔幼兔适宜料型和颗粒规格的研究

用齐卡新西兰兔、德国白兔与四川白兔的杂交兔，观测了不同料型（颗粒和粉料）、不同规格（直径４ｍｍ和６ｍｍ）的颗粒料补饲仔兔的效果和对幼兔生长发育的影响，结果表明：仔兔补饲及７０日龄龄前的幼兔宜饲喂直径４ｍｍ的颗粒料。颗粒补饲仔兔明显优于粉料，日增重（３０克）显著（Ｐ〈０．０５）高于粉料组（２６克），饲料转化率亦高于粉料。７０日龄前的幼兔饲喂细颗粒料可明显提高增重，改进饲料报酬；而颗粒直径大小对７０日     

Molecular genetic structure and relationship of Chinese and Hungarian common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) strains based on mitochondrial sequence

China and Hungary are major providers of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in East Asia and Europe respectively. However, the genetic variation and relationship of this species in the two countries have been poorly understood. In this study, mitochondrial COII‐tRNA^Lys and D‐loop sequences were analysed to investigate the genetic structure and relationships of the representative wild and domesticated common carps distributed in China and Hungary. The results indicated that the genetic diversities of the Chinese common carps are higher than those of Hungarian common carps, and the diversities of the wild common carps are higher than those of domesticated common carps in both the countries. Analysis of molecular variance and pairwise F_ST demonstrated a significant genetic divergence between the Chinese and the Hungarian common carps, and between the wild and the domesticated common carps. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis and statistical parsimony network showed an obvious genetic differentiation between the Chinese and the Hungarian common carps, between the wild and the domesticated common carps. However, a few specimens and haplotypes from the Chinese wild common carps appeared in the Hungarian common carps, demonstrating that there was no absolutely isolated and possible genetic linker between the Chinese and the Hungarian common carps.